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CNaVT stands for 'Certificaat Nederlands als Vreemde Taal' ('Certificate in Dutch as a Foreign Language').

These certificates are awarded by the University of Leuven in Belgium.

The CNaVT exams are aimed at students who would like a qualification in the Dutch language but live elsewhere than in the Netherlands or Belgium.

CNaVT Levels:

You may be entered for the CNaVT examinations at one of five levels:

• Maatschappelijk Informeel A2

  The Maatschappelijk Informeel (former PTIT) exams are for those who would like to speak Dutch whilst in the Netherlands or Belgium (as a tourist or with Dutch speaking family and friends) or who would like to communicate with Dutch speaking tourists in their own country.

  The Maatschappelijk Informeel exams are at about the same level as the GCSE Dutch exams.

• Maatschappelijk Formeel B1

  The Maatschappelijk Formeel (former PMT) exams are for those who have an interest in the Dutch language and culture or who want to live in the Netherlands or Belgium for an extended period of time.

• Zakelijk Professioneel B2

  The Zakelijk Professioneel (former PPT) exams are for those who would like to work in an administrative or service-oriented profession and therefore need Dutch.

  The Zakelijk Professioneel exams are at about the same level as the A-Level Dutch exams.

• Educatief Startbekwaam B2

  The Educatief Startbekwaam (former PTHO) exams are for those who would like to study at a Dutch speaking college of higher education or university.

• Educatief Professioneel C1

  The Educatief Professioneel (former PAT) exams are for those who want to work in a Dutch speaking academic environment or who want to teach Dutch as a foreign language.